本工作通过三维非接触全场应变测量系统(DIC)和有限元模拟(FEM)对比研究了超细晶铜和粗晶铜在拉伸过程中颈缩处的应变和应力分布,比较了在颈缩后的复杂应力状态下超细晶铜和粗晶铜延伸率的差异,实验发现虽然超细晶铜与粗晶铜在工程应力-应变曲线上的断裂延伸率相差较大,但两者颈缩区域的延伸率相当.有限元模拟揭示颈缩区域为三向应力状态,实验设计的缺口试样进一步验证复杂应力状态下超细晶材料的塑性变形能力与粗晶材料相当.复杂应力状态下,超细晶铜内部更多的滑移系被激发,使得超细晶铜的塑性变形能力与粗晶铜相当.
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